Manyan sarakuna, sarauniyoyi, jarumai mafiya karfin mulki guda goma a nahiyar Africa.

Manyan sarakuna, sarauniyoyi, jarumai mafiya karfin mulki guda goma a nahiyar Africa.

Afirka ta kasance nahiya me girma,arziki tareda tarihi dadadde.Akwai al’adu da kabilu iri daban-daban,sannan kowace kabila ta samar da wasu fitattun jarumai masu girma a duniya da kwamandoji tun daga kasar masar(Egypt) zuwa Zulus.

Ga kadan daga cikin wasu sanannun halaye daga tarihin afirka na wasu shahararrun sarakunan afirka kama daga kan manyan ’yan kasuwa zuwa gawurtattun sarakuna.

1. Hatshepsut

Yana daya daga cikin manyan sarakunan tsohuwar daular masar,sannan mafiya yawan pharaohs(manyan sarakunan da suka fara mulki a daular masar) sunyi mulki dubunnan shekaru baya da suka wuce,sannan wasu da yawa daga cikinsu sun bar tarihi mai girma.

Shi sarki pharaoh Thutmose dashi da matarsa suna da da guda daya,me suna Hatshepsut,wadda ya auri Thutmose II.

Ta kasance mace me ilimi sosai,tasan damuwar mutanenta,kuma tasan salon mulki.Mace ce wadda tayi amfani da duk wata dama data samu na dukiya da kadarori a zamaninta tayi amfani dasu ta hanyar data dace wannan yasa hujubban kasar masar (Egyptologist) suka saka ta a jerin manyan sarakuna masu karfi a tarihin masar.

2. Sarauniyar Sheba 👑

Sarauniyar kasar sheba itace ta biyu a jerin manyan sarakuna wadda tarihi bazai manta dasu ba,harma wani kirari ake mata da cewa “Sarauniyar sheba”.Wannan dayawa daga cikin mutane sun fi saninta da haka,abubuwan datayi kuma ya kara karfafa mata wannan sunan da ake kiranta dashi a lokacin mulkinta.Sarauniyar sheba ta zauna ne a babbar masarautar Aksum dake Ethiopia wadda yanzu haka aksum din take daya daga yankin kasar ta Ethiopian.Duk da cewa haryanzu babu wani tarihi daya bayyana asalin sunanta,amma dai babu kuma wadda a arewacin afirka dayake da kokwanto akan samuwarta da mulkinta.

Mutanen kasar ta Ethiopia suke daukarta a matsayin uwar al’umma kuma wadda ta samar da wani guri wadda yakai shekaru masu tarin yawa,lokacin da sarki Haile Selassie ya mutu,sunanta ya shiga cikin kundin tarihin daba za’a manta da itaba.

3. Axum’s Ezana

A cikin karni na hudu (AD),sarki ezana na axum ya mulki masarautar Aksum.Wadda yake arewacin Ethiopia,Yemen da kuma wani karamin yanki na kasar Saudi Arabia,arewacin Somalia,Djibouti,Eritrea,da kuma wani karamin yanki na sudan duk a lokacin suna karkashin masarautar.Mahaifinsa,wadda ya mutu a lokacin ezana yana karami,yabar masa karagar mulkin kasar.

Yana daya daga cikin wadanda ake tunawa a matsayin yarima na farko daya karfafi ko kuma yayi maraba da addinin kiristiyaniti.Ya kasance sarki me dadin zama da adalci wadda yake kula da farin cikin mutanensa.A lokacin mulkinsa ya kasance maginin manyan wuraren bauta,kuma ya kirkiri adadin wasu obelisks da stelae.Duk da wannan,ana tunashi ne ayau a matsayin wadda yayi imani da addinin kiristanci,harma wata babbar majami’a a kasar ta Ethiopia me suna Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahado Church take daukarsa a matsayin annabi.

Ana yada jita-jitar cewa itadin hamshakiyar me kudi ce,amma duk da haka shaidu sun gabata cewar itadin ta kasance tana hakar ma’adanai kamar gwal da sauran albarkatun kasa,wadda wannan kuma hanya ce wadda take me kyau kuma me kawo kudi da sauri ga sarauniyar.A shekarar dubu biyu da sha biyar ne 2015,aka samu bayanan cewa angano wasu kwarangwal din mata guda biyu wadda aka binne su a bisa tsari amma tareda kayan ma’adanai masu tsada a tareda su,hakan ya nuna cewa wannan ginin shaida ne akan cewa tanada kudi kuma kaso casa’in ciki dari na aksum sun samu ne ta hanyar ma’adanai.

4. Mansa Kankan Musa-Africa Wealthiest Man

Musa na farko shine mansa na takwas a mali (sarki ko sultan).Mulkinsa ya fara ne daga alif dubu daya da dari uku da sha biyu 1312 zuwa alif dubu daya da dari uku da talatin da bakwai 1337 AD.Ya kasance sarki me karfin gaske,sannan mali ta samu nasarar kwatar birane guda ashirin da hudu a lokacin mulkinsa.Harma anayi masa kirari da “Zakin Mali” da kuma “ Conqueror of Ghanata” ma’ana wadda ha mamaye ghanata a wasu daga cikin sunayen da ake masa kirari dasu.

Yayi karfin suna da cewar “sarkin ma’adanan wangara” tunda shine wadda yake kula da duk ma’adanan da ake haqa a yankin,wannan ya taimaka kwarai da gaske wajen bunkasar arzikin sa kamar bada gaske ba.Mujallar time da bbc sunyi tsokaci akan dukiyarsa tun daga farko har zuwa karshe,inda kuma aka fitar da cewa yafi kowa arziki a tarihi.

Musa yanada matukar arziki tareda karfin fada aji da kuma control wadda ayau ake yiwa wurin lakabi da Game of Thrones.

5. Tunka Manin

Tunka Manin shine me shugabantar Wagadou Ga’na daga shekarar alif dubu daya da talatin da bakwai zuwa dubu daya da saba’in da biyar AD.Yazo a tarihi cewa sarki Tunka Manin ya kasance mutum me son adalci,kuma yakan warware matsaloli da kansa na mutanensa a duk tsawon rayuwarsa.Ya zamo sananne a cikin al’ummar dayake jagoranta kuma yakan shiga ayyuka tareda mutanensa,ta hanyarsa ne tattalin arzikin masarautar ya karu sosai ta hanyar kirkirar iskar sihiri.

Amma abin mamaki daga karshe Tunka manin ya kasance shugaba na wagadou na karshe a sakamakon rushewar masarautar wadda ya hadar da tarzoma tsakanin al’ummar kasar ta hanyar komawa zuwa ga karbar addinin islama.

6. Sarauniya Amina ta zazzau

Amina,ko kuma aminatu ta kasance jarumar masarautar zazzau kuma sarauniya wadda ta zauna a kasar da ake kira Najeriya ayau. Ta kasance qusa wajen jagorantar tafiye tafiye. Tayi shekaru har talatin da hudu tana mulki kuma ta kama birane da yawa sun dawo karkashin ta.

Kakarta ta sameta tun tana yarinya amatsayin jaruma kuma mace me kamar maza koda a filin yaki ne,tana son mata da yawa amatsayin masu kula da ita,wannan dalilin ne yasa ma ko aure bata yiba saboda gudun kada ta rasa karfin da take dashi.

Ta karfafa samar da aikin goro da fitar da shi a lokacin ta wadda wannan shine mafi sauqin abin samarwa a zamanin.

7. Ewuare mai girma

A karshe karshen karni na sha biyar 15th century AD,ewuare na daya ya mulki masarautar benin. Ya karbi mulkin  ne da karfin tsiya kuma ya kasance me karfi wadda mulki a wurinsa a jininsa yake,wannan ya biyo baya ne a matsayin fansa akan wasu sojojin dan uwansa da suka kwace wani bangare na birnin benin.

Duk da fara mulkinsa,ewuare ya mallaki moniker “The Great” ta hanyar manyan gine gine a birnin na benin,sake kundin tsarin mulkin kasar,habaka harkokin zane da kuma fadada iyakokin masarautar. Bugu da kari ya fadada harkokin cinikayya da wasu kasashen,wadda hakan ya taimaka wajen cigaban yankin,da kuma gode masa wajen harkar samar da hauren giwa da makamashi wadda ayau suka zama sanannu a duniya.

Ko shakka babu ya kasance sarki a tarihi,kuma matashi me karfi kuma da yawa daga cikin mutane sunyi imanin cewa ya mallakin wasu dalasumai na tsafi kamar yadda da yawa daga cikin mutanen wannan lokacin suka gani.

Bikin Igue wadda ake yinsa duk shekara wadda tun farko aka samar dashi domin yadda karfin tsafinsa yake,har yanzu ana yinsa a birnin na benin ayau.

8. Shaka  Zulu

Har wayau,mutane suna daukar zulu a matsayin jarumai kuma manyan mayaka. Sojojin shaka zulu an samar dasu ne domin tallafawa al’adun jaruman yankin. Haka zalika a wani bangaren,shaka ya kasance mutum me basira da iya sulhu wadda yakan iya cinikaiya da makiyansa a maimakon hada kwambar fada. Shaka yana jagorantar mutane sama da dubu dari biyu da hamsin 250,000 kuma ya zama kwamandan sojoji har dubu hamsin 50,000 a tsawon shekaru goma na mulkinsa.

Wa’adin mulkin shaka baiyi nisaba sakamakon kashe shi da wani dan uwansa yayi yana da shekaru arba’in,hakan yasa mutanensa suke kallonsa a matsayin jarumi kuma mai cikakken iko sakamakon yawan mutanen da aka kashe a karkashin umarninsa.

9. Cetshwayo kaMpande

Shi shaka shine sarkin zulu wadda akafi sani,duk da cewar ya nesantu daga tarihin mulkin masarautar. Cetshwayo kaMpande shine me mulkin masarautar zulu din a lokacin da yankin bashi da wani sauran karfi. Turawan yamma sunyi yunkurin kutsawa cikin afirka da karfin tsiya,amma sarki cetshwayo bai saranda ba ko bai mika wuya ba,a maimakon haka ma ya tura tawagar sojojin zulu har dubu ashirin 20,000 tareda makamai irin na wannan zamanin da tankunan yaki da kuma cowhide shield domin yakar wadannan bataliyar turawan da nufin murkushe su baki dayansu.

Sojojin zulu wadanda suke jarumai ne sosai sunyi yaki a karkashin umarnin sarki cetshwayo kuma sunyi nasarar kashe kusan gaba daya sojojin turawan inda a karshe su kuma a bangaren su sarki zulu suka rasa sojoji 1000 dubu daya kacal daga nasu bangaren. Wannan shine yaki mafi muni da aka kashe sojojin turawan yamma da yawa wadda shi sarki Cetshwayo ya jagoranta,kuma yakin ya samu nasara ne da kayan yaki wadda yake bashi da yawa kuma bama na zamani bane.

Sarki Cetshwayo ya mutu yanada shekara sittin 60 bayan fama da rashin lafiya na ciwon zuciya,amma a wani bangaren kuma ance guba aka saka masa yaci mutu.

10. Sarki Shark 

Behanzin (Gbehanzin) Hossu Bowelle,wadda sunansa yana nufin “dan kifi” ya zama sananne da “The King Shark” ya kasance sarki mafi karfi a yammacin afirka wadda babu kokwanto akansa a karshen karni na sha tara.

Ya jagoranci rundunar sojoji har dubu dari da hamsin na maza da kuma rundunar mata har dubu biyar,sannan mutanensa suna dangantashi a matsayin jarumi kuma fasihin shugaba,amma yasamu makirci daga turawan faransa lokacin da suka yi yunkurin hanbaradda masarautar sa.

Duk da jajurtattun sojojin daya mallaka sarki Behanzin ya mutu ta hanyar sojojin faransan wadda suka mallaki makamai na zamani da mayaka masu tarin yawa,wadda daga karshe ya karar da rayuwarsa cikin kaskanci.

Dubban shekaru da suka wuce kasashen da suka hadu suka samar da afirka ayau sun samar da jarumai da sauran legendary masu karfi matuka. Koda a yanzu wasu al’adun ana raya su a wasu sassan kasashe da dama domin tunawa da wadannan mutane ko sarakuna,amma duk da haka wasu wuraren tarihi na kasar masar kamar sheba’s sabean culture duk sun bata a tarihince da sauran manyan wurare na fadin nahiyar afirka. Kuma haryanzu wasu dayawa daga cikin sarakunan ana mutuntasu tareda basu dukkan girmamawa da burikan da suka cimma a lokacin rayuwarsu.